DatagramSocket通信
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![]() | 常用类构造方法 参数传递 DatagramPacket(byte[] buf, int length); //没有地址信息的数据报构造器,用于接收端,等着接受无需指向地址,这个很好理解 DatagramPacket(byte[] buf,int length ,InetAddress address,int port);//有地址信息,用于发送端,发送到一个特定Ip上的特定端口上 DatagramSocket();//该Socket构造器无需制定端口号,用于发送端 DatagramSocket(int port);//该构造器用于接收端,绑定一个特定的本地端口.the port number can then be specified in a datagram packet destined for this socket. void close();// void receive(DatagramPacket p); void send(DatagramPacket p); void setSoTimeout(int timeout); //单位是秒,设定最长等待时间 //receiver.java import java.io.IOException; import java.net.DatagramPacket; import java.net.DatagramSocket; import java.net.SocketException; public class Receiver { /** * @param args */ public static void main(String[] args) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub try { final int MAXLEN = 100; byte[] buffer = new byte[MAXLEN];//字符数组初始化 //byte[] buffer=new String().getBytes();//初始化字节数组 DatagramSocket ds = new DatagramSocket(2345);//接收端初始化Socket的时候一般需要绑定一个本地端口 DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(buffer,buffer.length); //注意DS和DP的构造方法分别有两种,一种是参数里面有地址信息,一种是无地址信息,比如 //DatagramSocket 接收端需要端口信息,来绑定一个本地端口,以方便发送端制定特定的端口 //而DatagramPacket得接收端不需要地址信息,而发送端则需要地址信息,这里需要形象记忆,才能不搞混 ds.receive(dp); int len=dp.getLength(); System.out.println(len+" bytes received.\n"); String s = new String(dp.getData(),0,len);//字节流转化为字符串的构造方法 System.out.println(dp.getAddress()+"at port"+dp.getPort()+" says:"+s); } catch (SocketException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); }catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } } } //sender.java import java.io.IOException; import java.net.DatagramPacket; import java.net.DatagramSocket; import java.net.InetAddress; import java.net.SocketException; import java.net.UnknownHostException; public class Sender { /** * @param args */ public static void main(String[] args) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub try { InetAddress receiveHost = InetAddress.getByName("localHost");//类静态方法 DatagramSocket theSocket = new DatagramSocket(); String message = "Hello world!"; byte[]data = message.getBytes(); //data = theLine.getBytes(); DatagramPacket thePacket =new DatagramPacket(data,data.length,receiveHost,2345); theSocket.send(thePacket); } catch (UnknownHostException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); }catch (SocketException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); }catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } } } 需要总结的几点java小知识, 字符串转为整形函数:int receiverPort = Integer.parseInt(arg[1]); 字符串转为字节流 byte [] buffer = message.getBytes(); 字节流转化为字符串 String message = new String(buffer); 字节数组初始化:byte[] buffer = new byte[MAX_SIZE]; 获得数据报的相关信息,dp.getAddress(); dp.getPort(); 改进版本二 //MyDatagramSocket.java import java.io.IOException; import java.net.DatagramPacket; import java.net.DatagramSocket; import java.net.InetAddress; import java.net.SocketException; public class MyDatagramSocket extends DatagramSocket{ final int MAX_LEN = 100; public MyDatagramSocket(int portNum) throws SocketException { super(portNum); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } public void sendMessage(InetAddress receiveHost,int receivePort,String message) throws IOException{ byte[] buffer = message.getBytes(); DatagramPacket datagram = new DatagramPacket(buffer,buffer.length,receiveHost,receivePort); this.send(datagram); } public String receiveMessage() throws IOException{ byte[] buffer = new byte[MAX_LEN]; DatagramPacket datagram = new DatagramPacket(buffer,buffer.length); this.receive(datagram); String message = new String(buffer); return message; } } //ReceiverToSocket.java import java.io.IOException; import java.net.InetAddress; import java.net.SocketException; import java.net.UnknownHostException; public class ReceiverToSender { /** * @param args * @throws IOException */ public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { // TODO Auto-generated method stub if(args.length!=4) System.out.println("Need four parameters!"); else{ InetAddress receiverHost = InetAddress.getByName(args[0]); int receiverPort = Integer.parseInt(args[1]); int myPort = Integer.parseInt(args[2]); String message = args[3]; MyDatagramSocket mds = new MyDatagramSocket(myPort); System.out.println(mds.receiveMessage());//不能和下一句调换, //因为启动的时候先启动这个类,receive()方法是阻塞式的,所以会 //停留在此举,而不会发送下面的信息,另一端还未打开,所以如果现在就 //发送的话,会出现数据报丢失现象 mds.sendMessage(receiverHost, receiverPort, message); mds.close(); } } } //SenderToReceiver.java import java.io.IOException; import java.net.InetAddress; import java.net.SocketException; import java.net.UnknownHostException; public class SenderToReceiver { /** * @param args * @throws IOException */ public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { // TODO Auto-generated method stub if(args.length!=4) System.out.println("Need four parameters!"); else{ InetAddress receiveHost = InetAddress.getByName(args[0]); int receivePort = Integer.parseInt(args[1]); int myPort= Integer.parseInt(args[2]); String message = args[3]; MyDatagramSocket mds = new MyDatagramSocket(myPort);//此处标志自己的端口号,因为此例子是双向信息传递 mds.sendMessage(receiveHost, receivePort, message); System.out.println(mds.receiveMessage()); mds.close();//记得关闭socket } } } | |
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